Reinforced-concrete floor.



G. M. GRAHAM.

REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOOR.

Patented 0011.7, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

G. M. GRAHAM.

REINFORGED CONCRETE FLOOR.

G. M. GRAHAM.

REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOOR.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 11, 1911.

1,075,252. Patented 0017,1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO..\VASH1NGTON. 01c.

GEORGE IVI. GRAHAM, OF CHICAGO, ILLIN 01S,

rib.

ASSIGNOR TO G. M. SYSTEM 00., OF

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

REINFORCED-CONCRETE FLOOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 7, 1913.

Application filed September 11, 1911. Serial No. 648,806.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnoncn M. GRAHAM, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook, State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Reinforced-Concrete Floors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of reinforced concrete floors in which a skeleton rod or wire center is placed under initial tension before the floor constituting mass of concrete is applied thereto. And the present improvement has for its various objects, to provide a simple and efficient structural arrangement and combination of the marginal structural metal frame and the skeleton reinforcing; metal center or web, and in which the pulling load or stress of said center is imposed mainly upon the end portions of the beams, with such ends supported by the walls or columns of the building, and thus effectively withstand such load or stress; to provide an eflicient duplex construction of the end beams of the marginal floor frame, adapting the same for the efficient attachment and support of the longitudinal and transverse rods which constitute the skeleton center or web of the frame, and to provide a strong and efiicient bracing con nection between the series ofintermediate transverse beams of the floor frame, to adapt the same to resist the torsional stress to which they are exposed in the initial appli cation of the concrete mass which forms the body of the floor, all as will hereinafter more fully appear.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1, is a plan view illustrating the general arrangement of parts in the present invention previous to the application of the mass of concrete to form the completed floor. Fig. 2, is an enlarged detail plan of a corner portion of the skeleton reinforcing frame. Fig. 3, is an enlarged detail longitudinal section on line m:20, Fig. 2, with the mass of concrete in place to form a hollow floor. Fig. 4:, is an enlarged transverse section on line ww, Fig. 2. Fig. 5, is a detail horizontal section on line m -x Fig. 6, of the central ortion of one of the intermediate beams and the diagonal braces of the same. Fig. 6, is a detail vertical section on line m -w Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a detail plan view of the tie between a transverse beam and the longitudinal rods or wires of the skeleton center. Fig. 8, is a detail vertical section on line w :c Fig. 7.

Similar numerals of reference indicate like parts in the several views.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represent-s the Vertical walls of any building of any ordinary and suitable construction, and 2 are a series of ordinary footings or bearing plates built into said walls for the support of the outer ends of the series of floor beams now to be described.

3 are a series of intermediate transverse beams, the outer ends of which are supported in the walls 1 of the building by the footings 2, aforesaid. And where the width of the building is such as to require an intermediate longitudinal support for the aforesaid transverse beams 3, the same will be made in sections and supported by a longitudinal girder 1, which in turn is supported by ordinary piers or columns 5, as illustrated in Fig. 1. The transversebeams 3, ordinarily will be formed of light structural metal of an I form as shown, and in the present invention said transverse beams will be strengthened and reinforced top and bottom, in the manner and by means hereinafter described, to withstand the local torsional stress imposed thereon by the skeleton rod center or web carried on said beams, in the operation of applying the plastic mass of concrete to said skeleton rod center to complete the floor.

6 are the marginal or outer transverse beams of the present construction, and which are arranged in parallel relation to the respective transverse walls of the building and preferably a distance inside the same, as shown, to provide separating spaces between the parts for the reception of the chord or tension members hereinafter described.

7 and 8 are pairs of upper and lower transverse chords or tension members arranged in substantially parallel relation to the outer transverse beams 6, aforesaid, and between the same and the adjacent transverse walls of the building, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Said transverse chords or tension members 7 and 8 are located in horizontal planes adjacent to the top and bottom surfaces of the beams 6, and are preferably formed circular in cross section for the convenient attachment of the hereinafter described series of horizontal rods or wires which constitute a part of the skeleton reinforcing center or web of the floor. lVith the described arrangement of the outer beams 6, and the transverse chords or tension members 7 and 8, and after the attachment of the longitudinal rods or wires above described, the intervening floor spaces be tween the beams 6 and the walls 1, are filled with concrete, which when set provides a very effective reinforce or support for the aforesaid transverse chords or tension members 7 and 8, embedded therein, to resist the stress placed thereon through the before mentioned series of longitudinal wires or rods in the subsequent construction of the central portions of the floor.

9 and 10, are corresponding pairs of upper and lower longitudinal chords or tension members arranged in substantially parallel relation to the side walls of the building, and in like substantially parallel relation to a longitudinal girder 4 of the building, where owing to size the building requires the provision of longitudinal girders in its construction. Said. longitudinal chords or tension members 9 and 10, are located in approximately the same horizontal planes as the aforesaid upper and lower transverse chords or tension members 7 and 8, and are also and preferably of a circular crosssection for the convenient attachment of the hereinafter described series of transverse rods or wires which constitute, in connection with the before mentioned series of longitudinal rods or wires, the skeleton reinforcing center or web of the floor.

In the present improvement, the upper and lower transverse chord or tension members 7 and 8, above described, are maintained in proper position by the connection of their ends to the lateral bracket pieces 11, fixedly attached to the outer ends of the marginal transverse beams 6 in a building or structure where said beams extend between longitudinal walls of the same and with their re spective ends resting on said longitudinal walls and the lateral bracket pieces 11, embedded in said walls. Where the size of the building or structure requires intermediate longitudinal girders 4, before described, the ends of the aforesaid upper and lower transverse chords or tension members 7 and 8, where they intersect the longitudinal girder, will be attached thereto by screw-threaded nuts or other usual means of attachment, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, and with a view to dispense with lateral brackets 11 at such points. The upper and lower longitudinal chords or tension members 9 and 10, are maintained in their proper position by the connection of their respective ends to the transverse beams 3 and 6, by screw-threaded nuts or'other usual means of attachment.

12 and 13 are the upper and lower series of longitudinal rods or wires, which in conjunction with the" companion upper and lower series of transverse rods or wires 14 and 15 constitute the skeleton reinforcing center or web of the floor, and upon and around which the mass of concrete is imposed to form the completed floor as usual and as shown in Fig. 3. By making the upper series of rods or wires 12, 14, of a larger size or greater in number, than the companion lower series of rods or wires 13, 15, increased strength of the floor is attained with a minimum amount of metal and a corresponding saving in cost.

The longitudinal series of rods or wires 12 and 13, in one type of the present invention, extend the full length of the building with their terminals or ends attached by loops and coils, or other usual coupling means, to the respective transverse upper and lower chords or tension members 7 and 8, above described, and locally attached to the series intermediate transverse beams 3, where they cross the same by ties 16 hereinafter more fully described, and with a view to localize the stress upon the said rods or wires to the spans thereof between the transverse beams, and prevent any undue dishing of the said rods as the floor forming mass of concrete is applied thereto in the operation of completing the floor. Similarly the transverse series of rods or wires 14, 15, will extend from one to the other of the outer longitudinal chords or tension members 9, 10, where there is an absence of intermediate longitudinal girders 4 in the building or structure and attached to said outer longitudinal chords or tension members 9, 10, by loops and coils, or other usual coupling means. With the employment in the building or structure of theintermediate longitudinal girder 4, and the accompanying upper and lower chords or tension members 9 and 10, the aforesaid se ries of upper and lower rods or wires 14, 15, will be attached to the chords or tension members, just mentioned, and preferably in the manner shown in Fig. 1, with the respective upper rods or wires 14, extending across the longitudinal girder 4 and attached to the chords or tension members 9, 10, at the remote sides of the longitudinal girder 4, aforesaid. With the described arrangement a very strong andeflicient attachment is attained, and which is adapted to very eifectively withstand the shearing strain to which the rods or wires are exposed in the pres ent floor construction.

17 and 18 are upper and lower series of diagonal braces extending from the outer ends of the series of transverse beams 3 and 6, to and through the central portions of the intermediate transverse beams 3, and attached in any usual manner to said beams at the points of intersection, In the preferred construction shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 5, each diagonal brace will consist of a plurality of rods or wires arranged side by side and attached at their ends to adjacent portions of the chords or tension members 12, 13, 14 and 15, extending thence through orifices formed therefor in the web portions of the beams 3 and 6, at the points of intersection. As so formed and arranged the series of diagonal braces are capable of receiving a very uniform tension by means of a series of local twists 19, one upon the other of the individual strands of a diagonal brace, immediately adjacent to the points of intersection with the central portions of the intermediate beams 3, to lock the parts against any independent shifting movement. The advantages of the upper and lower series of diagonal braces 17 and 18, above described, are that the transverse beams 3 are very effectively braced and held in a simple and efficient manner against any turning or torsion strains which ordinarily arise in the operation of gradually applying the unset and mobile concrete mass to the present reinforcing frame in completing the floor.

The attaching ties 16, heretofore referred to and by which the series of longitudinal rods or wires 12, 13, are supportingly connected to the series of intermediate transverse beams 3, at the points where such parts meet or intersect, may be of any usual and suitable type. In cases where the longitudinal wires 12, extend the full length of the building, each attaching tie will preferably comprise a section of wire, the middle portion of which is formed with a loop 16 adapted to encircle a transverse beam, with the respective ends 16" lapped past each other and tightly coiled upon an upper longitudinal rod or wire 12 immediately adjacent to the sides of the aforesaid transverse beam, and with the object of preventing any movement of the longitudinal rod or wire 12, longitudinally upon said beam. In most cases it is preferable to form each upper longitudinal rod or wire 12 in sections adapted to extend between adjacent trans verse beams 3, 6, and effecting a connection to said beams by forming the end portions of said sections into loops 16 adapted to encircle the beams, with the free ends 16 of each loop tightly coiled upon the end portion of an adjoining section of the longitudinal rod or wire 12, as illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8. WVith this special type of tie a very simple and efficient connection is attained, and which is adapted to very effectively withstand the shearing strain to which the longitudinal rods or wires 12 are exposed in the present fioor construction. In both forms of the tie 16, above described, the loops 16 and 16 are preferably made to embrace the rods or wires of the companion lower series 13, to hold the same in place against the under sides of the beams 3 and 6, and prevent any downward sag of said lower rods or wires at such points.

20 are a series of short longitudinal wires built into the walls of the building and which project inwardly to rest upon the adjacent transverse beams 6, and span the spaces between said beams and the wall to form a support for the concrete when such portion of the floor is being formed.

21, are vertical tie rods or wires extending between the upper and lower series of rods or wires 12, 13, 14 and 15, and adapted to connect the lower series to the upper series, so that the usually lighter and weaker lower series of rods or wires will be supported by the usually heavier and stronger series of upper rods or wires, in the operation of aplying the floor forming mass of concrete to the metallic reinforcing frame construction heretofore described.

'VVhere solid concrete floors are desired, ordinary wire or perforated lathing need not be used upon the skeleton center or web of the present construction. In hollow floor constructions, such as illustrated in Fig. 3, such lathing will be used for convenience in supporting the concrete while the same is hardening or setting, in form-- gig the upper and lower layers of the hollow oor.

Having thus fully described my said invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends in adjacent parallel relation to said beams, a series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said chords, longitudinal chords or tension members attached at their ends to the outer ends of the transverse beams, a series of transverse rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said longitudinal chords, and a mass of concrete inclosing said rods, chords and beams to form the floor.

2. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams provided at their ends with lateral supporting means, transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends by the lateral supporting means of said beams, a series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said chords, longitudinal chords or tension members attached at their ends to the outer ends of the transverse beams, a series of transverse rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said longitudinal chords, and a mass of concrete inclosing said rods, chords and beams to form the floor.

3. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams upper and lower transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends in adjacent relation to said beams, upper and lower series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said chords, upper and lower longitudinal chords or tension members attached at their ends to the outer ends of the transverse beams, upper and lower series of transverse rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said longitudinal chords, and a mass of concrete inclosing said rods, chords and beams to form the floor.

4. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends in adjacent parallel relation to said beams, a series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in spaced relation, to said chords, longitudinal chords or tension members attached at their ends to the outer ends of the transverse beams, a series of transverse rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said longitudinal chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, and a mass of concrete inclosing said rods, chords and beams to, form the floor.

A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, upper. and lower transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends in adjacent parallel relation to said beams, upper and lower series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said chords, upper and lower longitudinal chords or tension members attached at their ends to the outer ends of the transverse beams, upper and lower series of transverse rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said longitudinal chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, and a mass of concrete inclosing said rods, chords and beams to form the floor.

6. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends in adjacent parallel relation to said beams, a series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said chords, longitudinal chords or tension members attached at their ends to the outer ends of the transverse beams, a series of trans verse rods or Wires attached in spaced relation to said longitudinal chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, ties connecting the series of rods or wires to the transverse beams at their poi ts f in rs ctien, a d a of con ret nc osing he Parts to te m the floor.

7. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, upper and lower chords or nsion mem crsfsunported at their ends in adjacent parallel re-, lation to said beams, upper and lower series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in spacedrelation to said chords, upper and lower longitudinal chords or tension members attached at their ends to the outer ends of the transverse beams, upper and lower series of transverse rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said longitudinal chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, ties connecting .the series of rods or wires to the transverse beams at their points of intersection, and a mass of concrete lncloslng the parts to form the floor, I

8. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends and located outside said beams, a series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in separated relation to said chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, ties connecting the series of rods or wiresto the transverse beams at their points of intersection, and a mass of concrete inclcsing the parts to form the floor.

9. A reinforced concrete floor,comprising marginal transverse beams, transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends in adjacent parallel relation to said beams, a series of longitudinal rods or wires'attached in spaced relation to said chords, longitudinal chords or tension members attached at their ends to the outer ends of the transverse beams, a series of trans verse rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said longitudinal chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, ties connecting the series of rods or wires to the transverse beams at.

their points of intersection, said ties consisting of loops at the ends of the longitudinal rods encircling the beams and coiled around adjacent longitudinal rods, and a mass of concrete inclosing the parts to form the floor.

10. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, upper and lower transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends in adjacent parallel relation to said beams, upper and lower series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said chords, upper and lower longitudinal chords or tension men bcr tta hed at the r nds to h oute nds of he ran e e beams, upp and lo er serie o trans e se o s or Wire a ta ed n sa red re ation to a .le s u inal chore, seri s a int ed e an s eams ad pt t rm ntermed a upports e the ods Wires a oresai t es connecting the series of rods or wires to the transverse beams at their points of intersection, said ties consisting of loops at the ends of the longitudinal rods encircling the beams and coiled around adjacent longitudinal rods, and a mass of concrete inclosing the parts to form the floor.

11. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends and located outside said beams, a series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in separated relation to said chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, ties connecting the series of rods or wires to the transverse beams at their points of intersection, said ties consisting of loops at the ends of the longitudinal rods encircling the beams and coiled around adjacent longitudinal rods, and a mass of concrete inclosing the parts to form the floor.

12. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, a series of intermediate transverse beams, diagonal braces associated with the ends of the marginal beams and extending to and through the central portions of the intermediate beams, and 'a series of longitudinal rods associated with and supported by the marginal and intermediate beams, said longitudinal rods having separated relation to constitute in part the skeleton center of the floor.

13. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, transverse chords Or tension members supported at their ends and located outside said beams, a series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in separated relation to said chords, a series of intermediate transversebeams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, diagonal braces extending from the outer ends of the series of transverse beams to and through the central portions of the intermediate beams, and a mass of concrete inclosing the parts to form the floor.

14. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends in adjacent parallel relation to said beams, a series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said chords, longitudinal chords or tension members attached at their ends to the outer ends of the transverse beams, a series of transverse rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said longitudinal chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, diagonal braces extending from the outer ends of the series of transverse beams to and through the central portions of the intermediate beams, and a mass of concrete inclosing the parts to form the floor.

15. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, upper and lower transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends in adjacent parallel relation to said beams, upper and lower series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said chords, upper and lower longitudinal chords or tension members attached at their ends to the outer ends of the transverse beams, upper and lower series of transverse rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said longitudinal chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, diagonal braces extending fro-m the outer ends of the series of transverse beams to and through the central portions of the intermediate beams, and a mass of concrete inclosing the parts to form the floor.

16. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends and located outside said beams, a series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in separated relation to said chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, diagonal braces extending from the outer ends of the series of transverse beams to and through the central portions of the intermediate beams, the said braces being arranged adjacent to the top of said beams, and a mass of concrete inclosing the parts to form the floor.

17. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, upper and lower transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends and located outside said beams, upper and lower series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in separated relation to said chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, diagonal braces extending from the outer ends of the series of transverse beams to and through the central portions of the intermediate beams, the said braces being arranged adjacent to the top of said beams, and a mass of concrete inclosing the parts to form the floor.

18. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends in adjacent parallel relation to said beams, a series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said chords, longitudinal chords or tension members attached at their ends to the outer ends of the transverse beams, a series of transverse rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said longitudinal chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, diagonal braces extending from the outer ends of the series of transverse beams to and through the central portions of the intermediate beams, the said braces being arranged adjacent to the top of said beams, and a mass of concrete inclosing the parts to form the floor.

19. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, upper and lower transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends in adjacent parallel relation to said beams, upper and lower series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said chords, upper and lower longitudinal chords or tension mem bers attached at their ends to the outer ends of the transverse beams, upper and lower series of transverse rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said longitudinal chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate sup ports for the rods or wires aforesaid, diagonal braces extending from the outer ends of the series of transverse beams to and through the central portions of the intermediate beams, the said braces being arranged adjacent to the top of said beams, and a mass of concrete inclosing the parts to form the floor.

20. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends and located outside said beams, a series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in separated relation to said chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, upper and lower diagonal braces extending from the outer ends of the series of transverse beams to and through the central portions of the intermediate beams, and a mass of concrete inclosing the parts to form the floor. I

21. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends in adjacent parallel relation to verse rods or wires attached in spaced rela' tion to said longitudinal chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, upper and lower diagonal braces extending from the outer ends of the series of transverse beams to and through the central portions of the intermediate beams, and a mass of concrete inclosing the parts to form the floor.

22. A reinforced concrete floor, comprising marginal transverse beams, upper and lower transverse chords or tension members supported at their ends in adjacent parallel relation to said beams, upper and lower series of longitudinal rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said chords, upper and lower longitudinal chords or tension members attached at their ends to the outer ends of the transverse beams, upper and lower series of transverse rods or wires attached in spaced relation to said longitudinal chords, a series of intermediate transverse beams adapted to form intermediate supports for the rods or wires aforesaid, upper and lower diagonal braces extending from the outer ends of the series of transverse beams to and through the central portions of the intermediate beams, and a mass of concrete inclosing the parts to form the floor.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 7th day of September, 1911.

GEORGE M. GRAHAM.

Witnesses ROBERT BURNS, HENRY Mon.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C. 

